<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"><channel><title>Java | Ukant Jadia</title><link>https://ukantjadia.github.io/category/java/</link><atom:link href="https://ukantjadia.github.io/category/java/index.xml" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><description>Java</description><generator>Hugo Blox Builder (https://hugoblox.com)</generator><language>en-us</language><lastBuildDate>Sat, 30 Dec 2023 14:23:50 +0530</lastBuildDate><image><url>https://ukantjadia.github.io/media/icon_hu5e29e1df12b63ca0c9252c8db4842f1b_8915_512x512_fill_lanczos_center_3.png</url><title>Java</title><link>https://ukantjadia.github.io/category/java/</link></image><item><title>What I Know About Java</title><link>https://ukantjadia.github.io/post/what-i-know-about-java/</link><pubDate>Sat, 30 Dec 2023 14:23:50 +0530</pubDate><guid>https://ukantjadia.github.io/post/what-i-know-about-java/</guid><description>&lt;h2 id="explaining-the">Explaining the&lt;/h2>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="n">pubic&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">static&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">void&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">main&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">args&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ul>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>the execution of our code starts form main.&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>let in order to create the object of class x we should have the main method&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>So main is a parameter and it takes parameter ie. &lt;code>main ( )&lt;/code>&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>And the type of the parameter can be anything so we take the &lt;code>string&lt;/code> because &lt;code>String&lt;/code> except values and we don&amp;rsquo;t know how many values we are taking so we take array &lt;code>main(String args[])&lt;/code>&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>There is nothing to return in main so it is a &lt;code>void&lt;/code> type&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>In order to call the method we require the object and the execution of our code is start from the main so that&amp;rsquo;s why it considered as &lt;code>static void main(String args[])&lt;/code>&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>and it made public so &lt;code>public static void main(String args[])&lt;/code>&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;h3 id="creating-a-object-inside-the-main">creating a object inside the main&lt;/h3>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>we type the class name and obj name &lt;code>Main obj&lt;/code>&lt;/li>
&lt;li>then we have a keyword &lt;code>new&lt;/code> : it tell the jvm how memory it required for the given class, for that the size of class is define by the default constructor.&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>it is like a blowing the air inside the pillow (keyword new ), and capacity of that pillow is constructor.&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;h1 id="java-oop">Java OOP&lt;/h1>
&lt;h2 id="method-overloading">Method Overloading&lt;/h2>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>Methods with same name but diff in (parameter or data type of the(both)).&lt;/li>
&lt;li>this kind of methods are known as overloaded method.
ex :&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kt">void&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">func&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(){..}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">func&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(){...}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">float&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">func&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">x&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">){...}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">void&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">func&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">x&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">float&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">long&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">l&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">){...}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ul>
&lt;li>Method overloading should be consider by the type or count of the parameter that passed to a method not by the &lt;strong>return type of the method.&lt;/strong>&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;h2 id="constructor">Constructor&lt;/h2>
&lt;blockquote>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>It is member method.&lt;/li>
&lt;li>Constructor have same name as class name.&lt;/li>
&lt;li>Constructor will never return anything.&lt;/li>
&lt;li>It used to allocate the memory.&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;/blockquote>
&lt;hr>
&lt;blockquote>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>Every time when we have to create a any object we have to use the constructor weather we define it or not.&lt;/li>
&lt;li>If we don&amp;rsquo;t create a constructor it will be there that&amp;rsquo;s a default constructor.&lt;/li>
&lt;li>What a Constructor do : it will define the size of class which help keyword new to create the memory accordingly .&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;/blockquote>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>unlike methods, a constructor has the &lt;strong>same name as that of class&lt;/strong> and does not have any return type.&lt;/li>
&lt;li>In java similar to method but only invoked when an object of the class is created.
ex:&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">class&lt;/span> &lt;span class="nc">Main&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">short&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">num&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// constructor&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Main&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">System&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">out&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">println&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="s">&amp;#34;After the object is create. &amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">num&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">27&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">static&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">void&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">main&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">args&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">){&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// object of class is created &lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Main&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">obj&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Main&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// calling the var&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">System&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">out&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">println&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="s">&amp;#34;the short number is &amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">obj&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">num&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ul>
&lt;li>There are three type of Constructor&lt;/li>
&lt;li>&lt;strong>Private Constructor&lt;/strong> : Private constructor can&amp;rsquo;t be accessed from outside the class.&lt;/li>
&lt;li>&lt;strong>No-Arg Constructor&lt;/strong> : Constructor that does not accept any arguments.&lt;/li>
&lt;li>&lt;strong>Parameterized Constructor&lt;/strong> : Constructor that accepts arguments.&lt;/li>
&lt;li>&lt;strong>Default Constructor&lt;/strong> : Constructor that is automatically created by the Java compiler if it is not defined.&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;hr>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>A constructor can not be &lt;code>abstract&lt;/code>, &lt;code>static&lt;/code> or &lt;code>final&lt;/code>&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;h2 id="access-modifier">Access Modifier&lt;/h2>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>It is helpful in the Encapsulation ( preventing the data from misuse and alter.).&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>And to Control what part of program can access the members of a class.&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>&lt;strong>Default&lt;/strong> : Declarations are visible only within the package(package private).&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>&lt;strong>Public&lt;/strong> : This can be access by other class.&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>&lt;strong>Private&lt;/strong> : This can not be accessed by other class.&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>&lt;strong>Protected&lt;/strong> : Declarations are visible within the package or all subclasses.&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>refer to this image &lt;a href="https://cdn.programiz.com/sites/tutorial2program/files/java-access-modifiers-public-private-protected-default_0.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener">this&lt;/a>&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;h2 id="this-key-word">this key word&lt;/h2>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>this : refer to the current object inside a method or constructor.&lt;/li>
&lt;li>in other words: this is treating the variable with same name, differently according to there position/place.&lt;/li>
&lt;li>using this with getters and setters : in getters/setters we are using the same var name as in the program&lt;/li>
&lt;li>using this in constructor overloading
ex:&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">class&lt;/span> &lt;span class="nc">Complex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">a&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">b&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// constructor with 2 parameters&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">Complex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">){&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">this&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">a&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">this&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">b&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// constructor with single parameter&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">Complex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">){&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// invokes the constructor with 2 parameters&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">this&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// constructor with no parameter&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">Complex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(){&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// invokes the constructor with single parameter&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">this&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nd">@Override&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">toString&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(){&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">this&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">a&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="s">&amp;#34; + &amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">this&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">b&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="s">&amp;#34;i&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">static&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">void&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">main&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">args&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// creating object of Complex class&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// calls the constructor with 2 parameters&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Complex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">c1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Complex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">3&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// calls the constructor with a single parameter&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Complex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">c2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Complex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">3&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// calls the constructor with no parameters&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Complex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">c3&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Complex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// print objects&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">System&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">out&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">println&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">c1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">System&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">out&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">println&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">c2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">System&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">out&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">println&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">c3&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ul>
&lt;li>passing this as an argument : - i also didn&amp;rsquo;t get it. ask to sir&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;h2 id="final-keyword">final keyword&lt;/h2>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>final keyword means used to denote the constants and it can be used with variables,method and classes.&lt;/li>
&lt;li>final variable cannot be reinitialized with another value.&lt;/li>
&lt;li>the final method cannot be overridden.&lt;/li>
&lt;li>the final class cannot be extended.&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;h2 id="instanceof-operator">&lt;code>instanceOf&lt;/code> operator&lt;/h2>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>used to check whether an object is an instance of class or not&lt;/li>
&lt;li>syntax &lt;code>objectName instanceOf className;&lt;/code>&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;h2 id="inheritance">Inheritance&lt;/h2>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>It allows to create a new class from an existing class.&lt;/li>
&lt;li>just inherit it from it&amp;rsquo;s father class.&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">class&lt;/span> &lt;span class="nc">Main&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">static&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">void&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">main&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">args&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">child&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">boy&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">child&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">boy&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">display&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">class&lt;/span> &lt;span class="nc">parent&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">color&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="s">&amp;#34;White&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">System&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">out&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">println&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="s">&amp;#34;It is same like we get the traits from our parents, JDK or JVM also doing the same thing.&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// it is same like we get the traits from our parents, JDK/JVM/java is also doing the same thing. &lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// inherit from parents&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">class&lt;/span> &lt;span class="nc">child&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">extends&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">parent&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">void&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">display&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(){&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">System&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">out&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">println&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="s">&amp;#34;The value for variable \&amp;#39;color\&amp;#39; is comming from the parent class.&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">System&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">out&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">println&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="s">&amp;#34;Color of child is &amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">color&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div></description></item></channel></rss>